Telangana History Vijayanagara Kingdom

Contents

After the end of Kakatiya era, Vijayanagara kingdom, along with Musunuru, Padmanayaka and Reddy Kingdoms were founded. The founders of Vijayanagara kingdom were Harihara raya and Bukkaraya of Orugallu.

Their teacher Vidyaranya swamy, of Dharmapuri inspired them in founding their own kingdom. Gangadevi was the wife of kamparaya (of sangama dynasty), and was from the Telangana region. They controlled some regions like Alampur and others of Telangana for some time. Pillalamarri Pinaveerabhadrudu of Telangana was the court poet of Vijayanagara kings.

But that was the extent of Vijayanagara kihgdom’s relations with Telangana. Vijayanagara kingdom mostly flourished in the region south of the krishna river. However, as the the Vijayanagara rulers had , neighbourly relations with the Padmanayaka dynasty that ruled the Telangana region and with – the Bahmanis. It is necessary to know a little about them.

Sangama dynasty (1336-1485 A.D.)

Founders of the sangama dynasty were Harihara raya (1336-1356 A.D.) and Bukkaraya (1356-1377A.D.) After the fall of kakatiya dynasty, they joined the court of Jumbukeswara, the ruler of Anegondi, as ministers. The armies of Delhi rulers attacked the Anegondi kingdom in 1334 A.D.and took them as their prisoners. Later on, they were released and they came back to the Deccan. Their teacher, Vidyaranya swamy inspired them to re-enter into their own religious faith and to found a new dynasty. So they found the Vijayanagara dynasty in 1336A.D.

During the reign of Harihara raya, the Musunuri dynasty rules some parts of Telangana and during the reign of Bukkaraya, Recharla Padmanayaka dynasty started ruling the Telangana region. When Harihararaya-II was ruling, he ordered the prince Bukkaraya-II to invade Telangana region which was under the rule of Padmanayakas. Bukka-II attacked it twice but failed both times. However, he occupied Panagallu and Nalgonda forts. Virupaksha came to rule after the death of Harihararaya, but Bukkaraya-II dis¬missed him from the throne and ruled from 1404 to 1406 A.D. Later he was dismissed by Devaraya- I, and Devaraya-II was his successor. During the reign of Devaraya-II, the reddy kingdom up to simhachalam became their subordinate region.

During the reign Of Mallikaijunaraya Alampur of Mahabub nagar district in the Telangana region was under the control of sangama dynasty.

Saluva dynasty (1486-1505 A.D.)

Saluva Narasimharaya attacked the Telangana region and defeated the Muslim army at Balakonda. As the sons of Narasimharaya were small at the time of his death, his chief of army, Tuluva Narasa nayaka occupied the throne. The Tuluva dynasty began with him.

Tuluva dynasty (1505-1570 A.D.)

After the death of Narasa nayaka-II (Veera narasimha) of Tuluva dynasty, his brother Srikrishnadevaraya came to rule. He took up the invasion of Eastern region and occupied- Anantagiri, Undrukonda, Jallipalli, Kandikonda, Devarakonda, Nalgonda, Shankaragiri, Kanaka giri and Khammam areas of Telangana region. Prataparudra Gajapati made an accord with him to keep river krishna as the border between their two kingdoms and gave his daughter in marriage to Srikrishnadevaraya. As a result of this, Krishnadevaraya had given away the areas in the northern region of Krishna river, including Telangana to Gajapati, which means that the Telangana region was not under the control of Vijayanagara kingdom for long.

Aravidu Dynasty

Tirumala raya was throned as first king of Aravidu dynasty who ruled vijayanagara empire as fourth dynasty at penugonda. Though the grand sons of Aravidu Bukkaraya. Ramaraya and his brothers and tirumalaraya and venkatadri among them Tirumalaraya who founded this dynasty. Later it became famous as Aravidu dynasty. Aravidu dynasty of vijayanagara empire was declined by the death of sriranga raya-III. This dynasty does not have much relation (or) connec¬tion with Telangana.

Kalinga Gajapati dynasty

Gajapati dynasty was established by Kapileswara Gajapati in 1434 A.D. who revolted against his ruler Bhanudeva-IV of Ganga dynasty. They have relations with Telangana to some extent. Kalinga Gajapati dynasty bought battles with the vijayanagara kings, Kondaviti kings, Telangana Padmanayakas and later on with the Bahmani Sultans, who occupied the Telangana region.
Bahmani Sultans occupied the Telangana region in 1458 A.D. and appointed Malik shah as the subedar of Telangana. Sikander Khan, who did not like them, revolted against the Bahmanis along with Padmanayakas. Bahmani Sultans suppressed the revolt and occupied Devarakonda, one of the capitals of Padmanayakas.
Purushothama and Hamveera sons of Kapileswara Gajapati, fought a battle of succession after the latter’s death. Hamveera asked for the help of Bahmanis and they helped him to occupy coastal Andhra region. Later they • had taken away the regions of Telangana controlled by him.
Prataparudra Gajapati, son and successor of Purushothama Gajapati reclaimed the Telangana regions taken away by the Bahmani Sultans. Chitab khan, who helped him in this endeavour was appointed as his subordinate ruler of khammam and orugallu regions. He sent his armies to protect and rule the forts of Sirikonda, Arvapalli, Kondapalli, Urlugonda, Anantagiri and Chityal. As Srikrishnadevaraya had enmity with the Kalinga Gajapathis, he invaded their kingdom in 1515 A.D. and occupied the forts Anantagiri, Urlugonda, Chityal, Arvapalli and Nalgonda, which had been ” under the rule of Prataparudra Gajapati.
He also defeated Chitab khan and occupied the Khammam and orugallu regions. Then prataparudra Gajapati gave his daughter Takkadevi in mar¬riage to krishnadevaraya and was given the above regions. When the last Bahmani ruler Mahmood ,
shah died in 1518A.D. Quli Qutub-ul-mulk, who was ruling Golconda, a part of Bahmani kingdom declared independence and founded the Qutub Shahi dynasty. As a part of the extension of his kingdom, he invaded some parts controlled by Prataparudra Gajapathi and occupied kondapalli fort. With this the whole of Telangana region came under his rule. With the death of Prataparudra, the Gajapati era ended.

The above history reveals that at the last stages of Padmanayaka dynasty and later on, some parts of Telangana region were under the reign of the Gajapatis.

Bit Bank

★ The kingdom established along with Musunuru, Padmanayaka and Reddy kingdoms after the decline of Kakatiyas: – Vijayanagara kingdom
★ Who were the feudatory of Vijayanagara kingdom? – Harihara Raya and Bukka Raya
★ Harihara Raya and Bukka Raya belongs to which regioji? – Orugallu
★ After the decline of Kakatiyas, Harihara Raya and Bukka Raya took the refuge of: – Jambukeswara, the king of Anegondi
★ The year in which Vijayanagara kingdom was established: –1336 A.D.
★ Who were the chiefs of Telangana, during the period of Bukka Raya? – Padmanayakas of Recharla
★ The ruling period of Harihara Raya: – – From 1377 A.D. to 1404 A.D.
★ After the death of Saluva Narasimha Raya, who occupied the throne? – Narasa nayaka
★ Tuluva dynasty was established by: – Narasa nayaka
★ After the reign of Narasa nayaka, who ruled the country? – Srikrishnadeva Raya
★ The founder of Gajapati dynasty: • Kapileswara Gajapati
★ Who appointed as Telangana subedar by Bahmani Sultans who occupied Telangana? – Malik Shah
★ After Kapileswara Gajapati, who came to the power? – Purushottama Gajapati
★ Who revolted against the Sultans along with Padma nayakas? – Sikinder Khan
★ After Purushottama Gajapati, who occupied the throne? – Prataparudra Gajapati
★ Chitab Khan was appointed as feudatory king for which regions? – Regions of Khammam and Orugallu
★ The year in which Sri Krishnadeva Raya started his victorious tour? –1512 A.D.
★ The dynasty of Kalinga Gajapati was cape to an end with: – Prataparudra Gajapati

Objective Bits

1. Along with which kingdom, Vijayanagara kingdom was established after the decline of Kakatiyas?
1. Musunuru kingdom
2. Padma nayaka kingdom
3. Reddy kingdom
4. All the above
Ans.4

2. Founders of Vijayanagara kingdom:
1. Harihara Raya 2. Bukka Raya
3. 1 & 2 4. Jambukeswara
Ans.3

3. The ruling period of Harihara Raya-II:
1. 1377 – 1404 A.D. 2. 1327 – 1402 A.D.
3. 1298 – 1324 A.D. 4. 1333 – 1485 A.D.
Ans.1

4. When did the Vijayanagara empire was established?
1. 1335 2. 1336
3. 1337 4. 1338
Ans.2

5. Founder of Tuluva dynasty?
1. Narasa nayaka 2. Timma raju 3. Narasimha Raya 4. None of these.
Ans.1

6. The year in which Gajapati dynasty was founded?
1. 1432 2. 1434 3. 1436 4. 1438
Ans.2

7. Among the following which forts were occupied by Sri Krishnadeva Raya in Telangana in the year 1515 A.D.
1. Anantagiri, Chityal 2. Nalgonda, Urlugonda 3. Arvapalli 4. All the above
Ans.4

8. The year in which Sri Krishnadeva Raya started his victorious tour?
1. 1510A.D. 2. 1511A.D.
3. 1512A.D. 4. 1513A.D
Ans.3