Shortcuts in Reasoning for Competitive Exams – Mathematical Operation – Reasoning Arithmetical

Shortcuts in Reasoning for Competitive Exams – Mathematical Operation – Reasoning Arithmetical

Shortcuts in Reasoning Quantitative Aptitude English

Mathematical Operation – Reasoning Arithmetical

INTRODUCTION

In this type of problem, usually mathematical symbol are converted into another form by either interchanging the symbol or using different symbol in place of usual symbol and then calculate the equation according to the given condition.

Remember

While simplifying a mathematical
problem follow ‘VBODMAS’ rule
V – Viniculum bracket
B – Bracket
O-Of
D – Division
M – Multiplication
A – Addition
S – Subtraction

TYPES OF MATHEMATICAL OPERATION

1 . SYMBOL SUBSTITUTION

In this, various mathematical symbols, followed by a question involving calculation of an expression. It is required to put in the real signs in the given equation and then solve the question.

EXAMPLE 1. If‘+’ stands for division, ‘x’ stands for addition, stands for multiplication, and ‘ + ’ stands for subtraction, then which of the following equation is correct?

• 36*6 + 7 + 2-6 = 20
• 36 + 6-3*5+3 = 24
• 36 + 6 + 3*5-3=45
• 36-6 + 3*5 + 3 = 74

Solution . 36*6 + 3 + 5-3
36*2 + 5-3 = 74

2 . INTERCHANGE OF SIGNS & NUMBERS

In this, the given equation becomes correct and fully balanced when either two signs of the equation or both the numbers and the signs of the equations are interchanged.

EXAMPLE 2 . Given interchange : sign ‘+’ and “-’and numbers 5 and 8. Which of the following is correct?

• 82-35 + 55=2
• 82-35 + 55 = 102
• 85-38 + 85 = 132
• 52-35 + 55 = 72

Solution . 52 + 38-88=2

3 . BALANCING THE EQUATION

In this, the signs given in one of the alternatives are required to full up the blank spaces for the signs in order to balance the given equation.

EXAMPLE 3 . Select correct combination of mathematical sign to replace ‘ * ‘ sign to balance the equation.
9 * 4 * 22 * 14

• x = –
• x – =
• = – x
• – x =

Solution . 9 * 4 * 22 * 14
9 x 4 – 22 = 14

Shortcut Approach

• Begin with replacing coded operators with their meanings.Write the entire expressions with correct operators and operand.
• When sowing always remember VBODMAS.
• If any interchanges are suggested,apply then before you start soling.

ARITHMETICAL REASONING

Arithmetical Reasoning tests the ability to solve basic arithmetic problems encountered in everyday life. These problems require basic mathematical skills like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division etc. The tests include operations with whole numbers, rational numbers, average ratio and proportion, interest and percentage, and measurement. Arithmetical reasoning is one factor that helps characterize mathematics comprehension, and it also assesses logical thinking.

EXAMPLE 4 : The total of the ages of Amar, Akbar and Anthony is 80 years. What was the total of their ages three years ago ?
Solution . Here, required sum = ( 80 – 3 x 3 )
years = ( 80 – 9 ) years = 71 years.

Shortcut Approach

If ages of n persons in a group are x1,x2, x3…, xn yr, then average age of the group