Campus Recruitment – Logical Reasoning – Blood Relations
Contents
Concepts
Blood relations means persons connected by some relation like mother-father, daughter-son, sister- brother, aunt-uncle, niece-nephew, sister in law- brother in law etc. Blood relations questions are based on the family tree concept. Questions are asked based on the variety of relationships in the family. To remember easily, we classify them as paternal side relations and maternal side relations
Paternal side relations:
Maternal side relations:
Example: Pointing to a photograph, Kiran said, ‘she is the daughter of my grandmother’s only son’. How is Kiran related to the girl in the photograph?
Explanation:
My grandmother’s only son = My father.
Given that, the girl is daughter of kiran’s father. It means Kiran is the brother of the girl in the photograph.
Example: Pointing to a gentleman, Ravi said, ‘his only brother is the father of my daughter’s father’. How is the gentleman related to Ravi?
Explanation:
Father of Ravi’s daughter’s father = Father of Ravi.
The gentleman’s only brother is Ravi’s father.
It means the gentleman is Ravi’s uncle.
Relation Puzzles: In this type, the relationship among the persons is described in more’ than one statement in a complicated manner.
Example: A’s mother is sister of B and daughter of X. C is the daughter of B and sister of Y. How is X related to Y
Explanation:
Y is either son or daughter of B.
So, Y is the granddaughter/ grand son of X.
Example: Anil is the son of Bharath whose sister has a son Danish and a daughter Elizabeth. Phanindra is the maternal uncle of Danish. How is Anil related to Danish?
Explanation:
Anil is the son of Bharath. Danish is the son of Bharath’s sister. So, Anil is the cousin of Danish.
Coded Relations:
In this type of problems, the relationships among the persons are represented by certain symbols or codes such as +, -, x, ÷, %, @, © etc. You need to understand the given pattern of relationships and answer the questions followed.
Example: If A + B means A is the husband of B;
A / B means A is the sister of B;
A x B means A is the son of B;
Which of the following shows ‘P is the daughter of Q’?
a) R x Q/P b) Q + R x P c) S x Q + R/p
d) P / S x Q e) none of these
Explanation:
From option-a: (R x Q / P). It means R is the son of Q. and Q is sister of P. It means P is sister/ brother of Q. So option-a is not true.
From option-b: (Q + R x P). It means Q is husband of R and R is son of P. Option-b is not true.
From option-c: (S x Q + R / P). It means S is son of Q. Q is husband of R. R is sister of P. Then P is sister-in-law of Q. So, this option is not true.
From option-d: (P / S x Q). It means P is sister of S. S is son of Q. Then P is daughter of Q.
Hence, option-d is correct choice.
Example: If A + B means A is brother of B;
A – B means A is mother of B;
A x B means A is sister of B.
Which of the following means, ‘P is the maternal uncle of S’?
a) P + Q + S – b) P – S + Q c) P + Q – S
d) P + Q x S e) none of these
Explanation: We have to verify every option.
From option-c, (P + Q -S), P is brother of Q. Q is mother of S. Then P is brother of the mother of S. It means P is maternal uncle of S.
Conceptual Examples
Exercise
1) Ajay’s son Praveen is married with Rita whose sister Sudha is married to Kiran who is the brother of Praveen. How Sudha is related to Ajay?
a) sister b) mother c) cousin
d) daughter-in-law e) nephew
2) Pointing to a lady Gourav Said, “the son of her only brother is the brother of my wife’s sister”. How is the lady related to the Gourav?
a) mother b) sister of father-in-law
c) grandmother d) can’t be determined
e) none of these
3) Pointing to a person in the photograph, Arjun said, “His only brother is the father of daughter’s father”. How is the person in the photograph related to Arjun?
a) Father b) aunt c) uncle
d) cousin e) brother-in-law
4) A is father of B who is the son of V. In order to know the relation between A and C, which of the statement(s) is necessary?
(i) C is the brother of V
(ii) The daughter of B is the grand daughter of V.
a) Only (ii) b) only (i) c) either (i) or (ii)
d) both (i) and (ii) e) none
5) Pointing to a man, a woman says, ‘He is the brother- in-law of the only son of my mother-in-law’s husband’. How is the woman related to the man?
a) mother-in-law b) wife c) sister
d) sister-in-law e) aunt
6) Pointing to a photograph, Vinod said. “He is the son of the son of my grandfather’s only brother”. How is the man related to Vinod?
a) brother-in-law b) grand father
c) father-in-law d) cousin e) uncle
7) If (i) A is brother of B ;
(ii) C is brother of B;
(iii) A is brother of D.
Then which of the following statements is definitely true?
a) B is brother of C b) B is brother of D
c) A is brother of C d) D is brother of A
e) none of these
8) 1. A 5 C means A is father of C.
2. A 9 C means A is sister of C.
3. A 4 C means A is brother of C.
4. A 3 C means A is wife of C.
Which of the following means M is mother of Z?
a) M3L5Z b) M5L3Z c) M9L4Q3Z
d) M3L5Q3Z e) none of these
Directions (9-10): Read the given information and answer the questions that follow:
P is the father of R. But R is not his son.
T is the daughter of R. U is the spouse of P.
Q is the brother of R. S is the son of Q.
V is the spouse of Q.
9) Who is the grandmother of S?
a) P b) R c) U d) W e)Q
10) Who is the son of U?
a) Q b) R c) S d) T e) P
11) F is son of A;
B is brother of C;
A is sister of B;
E is brother of D;
D is daughter of C.
Then who are the cousins of F?
a) C and A b) A and E c) B and E
d) D and E e) none of these
12) T is the son of P.
S is the son of Q.
T is married to R.
R is Q’s daughter.
How is ‘S’ related to T?
a) brother b) uncle c) father-in-law
d) brother-in-law e) none of these
13) P + Q means P is father of Q;
P – Q means P is wife of Q;
P x Q means P is brother of Q;
P ÷ Q means P is daughter of Q;
If A ÷ C + D + B, then which of the following is true?
a) A is daughter of B b) B is aunt of A
c) A is aunt of B d) A is mother of B
e) none of these are true
14) P is brother of Q. Q is brother of R. S is father of P. Based on these statements; which of the following cannot be definitely true?
a) Q is the brother of P b) Q is the son of S
c) P is the brother of R d) R is brother of P
e) P, Q and R are children of S.
15) Gita walking with a boy meets Sita and on being asked about her relation with the boy, Gita said, “my maternal uncle and his maternal uncle’s maternal uncle are brothers”. How is Gita related to the boy.
a) Nephew b) Brother-in-law c) son
d) Grandson e) Aunt
Directions(16-20): Read the given information and answer the questions that follow.
All the 6 members of a family L, M, N, O, P, Q are traveling together. M is the son of N but N is not mother of M. L and N are married couple. P is brother of N. O is the daughter of L. Q is brother of M.
16) How many children does L have?
a) One b) Two c) Three d) Four e) Five
17) How many male members are there in the family?
a) One b) Two c) Three d) Four e) Five
18) Which of the following is a pair of females?
a) LP b) MO c) OQ d) LO e) MP
19) Who is the wife of P?
a) L b) Q c) M d) Can’t be determined e) R
20) Who is the mother of M?
a) O b) Q , c) P d) L e) None of these
Directions (21-25): Read the given information carefully and answer the questions that follow.
X + Y means X is the father of Y;
X – Y means X is the wife of Y;
X x Y means X is the brother of Y;
X÷Y means X is the daughter of Y.
21) If A÷C +B, then which of the following is true?
a) A is father of B b) A is brother of B
c) A is mother of B d) A is sister of B
e) none of these
22) If A-C+B, which of the following statement is true?
a) A is the mother of B b) B is the daughter of A
c) A is the aunt of B d) A is the sister of B
e) none of these true
23) If A x C÷B, which of the following statement is true?
a) A is the uncle of B b) A is the father of B
c) A is the brother of B d) A is the son of B
e) none of these true
24) If A + C ÷ B, then which of the following is true?
a) A is the brother of B b) A is the son of B
c) A is the husband of B d) A is the father of B
e) none of these true
25) If A x C + B, then which of the following is the true?
a) A is the uncle of B
b) A is the father of B
c) A is the brother-in-law of B
d) A is the grandfather of B
e) All statements are false
Explanations
1) d; Kiran is the brother of Praveen. So, Ajay is the father of Kiran. And Sudha is wife of Kiran. So, Sudha is daughter-in-law of Ajay.
2)b;
Brother of Gourav’s wife’s sister = brother-in-law Gourav. The son of lady’s brother is brother-in-law of Gourav. Therefore, the brother of the lady is the father- in-law of Gourav. So, lady is sister of the Gourav’s father-in-law or the lady is aunt-in-law of Gourav.
3) c;
Father of Arjun’s daughter’s father = Arjun’s father.The person in photograph is brother of Aijun’s father. So, the person is uncle of Arjun. (The word ‘his’ in the given statement says the ‘the person’ is a male).
4) b; A is father of B. B is son of V i.e. V is mother of B. From (i), C is the brother of V. It means A is brother-in¬law of C because V is wife of A.From (ii), in this statement, relation between A and C is not given. So, only statement-(i) is necessary.
5) c;
My mother-in-law’s Husband = My father-in-law.
Only son of my mother-in-law’s husband = only son of my father-in-law = Husband.
Brother-in-law of husband = Brother
.’. The man is brother of the woman.
.’. The woman is sister of the man.
6) d; Son of my grandfather’s only brother = Vinod’s uncle. Son of Vinod’s uncle = Vinod’s cousin.
7) d; From given data, D is brother of A is true, which is option- d. (Here, gender of B and D is unknown. So, we can simply eliminate option- a, b, d).
8) a; From option-a, (M 3 L) = M is the wife of L and
(L 5 Z) = L is the father of Z. Then, M is the mother of Z.
9) c; From the family tree, U is the grandmother of S.
10) a; From the above family tree, Q is the son of U
11) d; E and D are the cousins of F.
12) d; S is the brother-in-law of T.
13)c; A÷C+D+B means A is daughter of C who is the father of D. D is father of B. i.e. A is sister of B’s father i.e. A is aunt of B.
14) d; P is the brother of Q and Q is the brother of R. So, R may be the brother or sister of P.
15) c; Gita is aunt of the boy.
16) c; 3 children (Q, M, O).
17)d;There are four males.
18) d; L and O are females.
19) d; From given data, wife of P cannot be determined.
20) d; L is the mother of M.
21) d; A÷C+B means A is the daughter of C who is the father of B. i.e. A is the sister of B.
22) a; A-C+B means A is wife of C who is the father of B. Then A is the mother of B.
23) d; A x C ÷ B means A is the brother of C who is the daughter of B. It means, A is son of B.
24) c; A+C ÷B means A is the father of C who is the daughter of B. It means B is the mother of C. Then A is husband of B.
25) a; A x C+B means A is the brother of C who is the father of B. Then A is uncle of B.
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